Everything about Oriole totally explained
The
orioles are a family,
Oriolidae, of Old World
passerine birds. The family comprises the
Figbird Sphecotheres viridis, the only member of the genus
Sphecotheres, and the
Old World orioles in the genus
Oriolus. Several other genera have been proposed for to split the genus
Oriolus, for example the African black-headed species are sometimes split into
Baruffius. The family isn't related to the
New World orioles, which are
Icterids, family Icteridae. The family is distributed across Africa, Europe, Asia down into Australia. The few temperate nesting species are
migratory, and some tropical species are show some seasonal movements.
The orioles and Figbirds are medium sized passerines, around 20–30 cm in length, that exibit little
sexual dimorphism in size (females are slightly smaller). The
beak is slightly curved and hooked and as long again as the head, although Figbird is distinct from the orioles by virtue of having a smaller bill. The
plumage of most species is bright and showy, although in many species there's sexual dichromism with the females have duller plumage than the males. The plumage of the Figbird is duller than that of the
Oriolus orioles. The plumage of many Australiasian orioles mimics that of the larger
friarbirds (a genus of large
honeyeaters), this is thought to be mimicry evolved to reduce aggression against the smaller orioles.
Orioles are arboreal and tend to feed in the
canopy. Many species are able to survive in open forests and woodlands, a few are restricted to closed forest. They are
omnivores, taking principally fruit, berries and arthropods, but opportunistically taking other prey as well.
Orioles are
monogamous, breeding in territorial pairs (although Figbirds breed in loose
colonies). Nesting sites may be chosen near aggressive species such as
drongos,
shrikes or friarbirds, which confer a degree of protection. The
nest is a deep woven cup suspended like a hammock from a branch. As many as six eggs may be laid, but 2-3 is the more usual number.
Further Information
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